Alpha GPC 99 feem pua ​​​​Powder

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Guanjie yog tus xa khoom ntawm Alpha GPC Powder. Peb muaj cov lus qhia txawv: 50 feem pua ​​​​cov hmoov; 85% Kua; 99% Hmoov. Nws yog soluble hauv cov kuab tshuaj loj loj xws li ethanol, methanol, thiab dej, nrog rau acetone, hexane, thiab chloroform. Pure GPC yog cov kua nplaum uas tsis muaj xim lossis cov hmoov dawb uas yooj yim nqus dej los ntawm huab cua. Nws yog ib txwm tshwm sim dej-soluble metabolite nyob rau hauv tib neeg thiab tsiaj txhu, uas tshwm sim los ntawm tag nrho cov hydrolysis ntawm ob fatty acid chains ntawm lub PC molecule.

Zoo siab thiab fatory ncaj nqe. Raws li tus neeg muab khoom L- -glycerophosphocholine, koj tuaj yeem ntseeg peb.

Vim li cas thiaj xaiv Guanjie?

● Cov chaw ua haujlwm ywj pheej thiab cov chaw sim.

● Muab qhov kev kuaj thib peb.

● Tau nyob hauv daim teb no tau 20 xyoo.

● Muaj kev sib koom tes muaj zog: Northwestern University thiab Suav Academy ntawm Sciences chaw tshawb fawb.

COA

Flow Chart:

Kev faib tawm:

Cov qauv yooj yim ntawm glycerophospholipid yog phosphatidic acid thiab ib pawg neeg hloov pauv (X) txuas nrog phosphoric acid;

Glycerophospholipids tuaj yeem muab faib ua ntau pawg vim muaj cov pab pawg sib txawv, ntawm cov tseem ceeb yog:

Choline (choline) ntxiv rau phosphatidic acid → phosphatidylcholine (phosphatidylcholine) kuj hu ua lecithin (lecithin)

Ethanolamine ntxiv rau phosphatidic acid → phosphatidylethanolamine, tseem hu ua cephain

Serine (serine) ntxiv rau phosphatidic acid → phosphatidylserine (phosphatidylserine)

Glycerol (glycerol) ntxiv rau phosphatidic acid → phosphatidylglycerol (phosphatidylglycerol)

Inositol ntxiv Phosphatidic Acid → Phosphatidylinositol

Synthesis ntawm glycerophospholipids

Tag nrho cov txheej txheem synthesis tuaj yeem muab faib ua peb theem, uas yog cov khoom siv raw, kev ua kom thiab glycerophospholipid tiam. Lub synthesis ntawm glycerophospholipids yog ua los ntawm cytoplasmic du endoplasmic reticulum, ua tiav los ntawm Golgi apparatus, thiab thaum kawg tuaj yeem siv los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg biofilms los yog secreted rau hauv hlwb li lipoproteins. Ntau cov ntaub so ntswg ntawm lub cev (tshwj tsis yog cov qe ntshav liab paub tab) tuaj yeem nqa tawm phospholipid synthesis.

Qhov chaw ntawm raw khoom

Cov alpha gpc 99 feem pua ​​​​cov hmoov rau cov synthesis ntawm glycerophospholipids yog phosphatidic acid thiab pab pawg neeg hloov. phosphatidic acid tuaj yeem tsim los ntawm glycerol thiab fatty acids uas tsim los ntawm qab zib thiab lipid hloov pauv (saib triglyceride anabolism kom paub meej), tab sis feem ntau ntawm cov fatty acids ntawm C2 txoj hauj lwm ntawm glycerol yog cov fatty acids tseem ceeb thiab xav tau zaub mov. Cov choline thiab ethanolamine nyob rau hauv cov pab pawg neeg hloov pauv tuaj yeem hloov los ntawm serine hauv vivo los yog muab los ntawm cov khoom noj.

Serine → ethanolamine → choline

Ua kom

Ua ntej cov synthesis ntawm phosphatidic acid thiab cov pab pawg hloov pauv, ib qho ntawm lawv yuav tsum tau qhib los ntawm CTP thiab nqa los ntawm CDP. Choline thiab ethanolamine tuaj yeem tsim CDP-choline thiab CDP-ethanolamine, thiab phosphatidic acid tuaj yeem tsim CDP-diglyceride.

Kev tsim cov glycerophospholipid

1) Phosphatidylcholine thiab phosphatidylethanolamine

Ob lub phospholipids no yog tsim los ntawm kev qhib CDP-choline thiab CDP-ethanolamine thiab diglycerides. Tsis tas li ntawd, phosphatidylethanolamine tuaj yeem hloov mus rau hauv phosphatidylcholine los ntawm kev muab ib pawg methyl nrog adenosylmethionine hauv daim siab. Txoj kev sib txawv biosynthetic ntawm phosphatidylcholine sib txawv.

2) Phosphatidylserine

Phosphatidylserine synthesis hauv vivo yog tsim los ntawm Ca2 ntxiv rau -activated acyl txauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, thiab phosphatidylserine reacts nrog serine los tsim phosphatidylserine thiab ethanolamine.

Phosphatidylethanolamine ntxiv rau Serine ——→ Phosphatidylserine ntxiv rau Ethanolamine

3) Phosphatidylinositol, Phosphatidylglycerol thiab Cardiolipin

Qhov thib peb saum toj no yog tsim los ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv ntawm activated CDP-diglycerides nrog cov pab pawg neeg hloov pauv.

Lwm txoj kev hluavtaws rau cardiolipin.

4) Plasmalogen thiab platelet activating yam

Cov txheej txheem synthesis ntawm plasmalogen thiab platelet activating yam zoo ib yam li cov txheej txheem phospholipid synthesis saum toj no, qhov txawv yog tias ua ntej cov synthesis ntawm phosphatidic acid, cov khoom nruab nrab ntawm cov piam thaj metabolism, dihydroxyacetone phosphate, hloov mus rau fatty acyl dihydroxyacetone phosphate. Cov dej cawv fatty hloov nws thawj pab pawg fatty acyl, thiab tom qab ntawd cov derivatives ntawm phosphatidic acid yog synthesized los ntawm cov theem ntawm kev txo qis (rau H los ntawm NADPH) thiab pab pawg transacyl. Cov khoom no hloov phosphatidic acid ua cov khoom pib, thiab ua ke choline lossis ethanolamine plasmalogen raws txoj kev triglyceride. Qhov sib txawv ntawm platelet activating factor thiab plasmalogen yog tias cov roj ntsha ntev ntev yog cov dej cawv ntev ntev, thiab cov fatty acyl pawg ntawm txoj hauj lwm 2 yog pawg acetyl yooj yim tshaj plaws.

Kev ua txhaum ntawm glycerophospholipids

Muaj qee qhov Alpha GPC 99 feem pua ​​​​Powder uas tuaj yeem hydrolyze glycerophospholipids hauv cov kab mob, cov uas tseem ceeb yog phospholipases A1, A2, B, C thiab D, uas tshwj xeeb ua rau txhua daim ntawv cog lus ester hauv phospholipid molecule los tsim cov khoom sib txawv. Cov txheej txheem no kuj yog kev hloov pauv thiab ua cov txheej txheem ntawm glycerophospholipid.

Phospholipase A1

Kev faib tawm thoob plaws hauv cov xwm txheej, feem ntau hauv cov lysosomes ntawm cov hlwb, ntxiv rau cov nab venom thiab qee cov kab mob, nws tuaj yeem ua rau lub cleavage ntawm thawj ester daim ntawv cog lus ntawm glycerophospholipids, thiab cov khoom yog fatty acids thiab lysophospholipids 2.

Phospholipase A2

Nws yog ubiquitously tam sim no nyob rau hauv lub cell membranes thiab mitochondrial daim nyias nyias ntawm ntau yam tsiaj cov ntaub so ntswg, thiab muaj peev xwm hydrolyze 2nd ester daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv glycerophospholipid molecule, thiab cov khoom yog lysophospholipid 1 thiab nws cov khoom fatty acids thiab glycerophosphocholine los yog glycerophosphoethanolamine.

Lysophospholipids yog ib chav kawm ntawm cov khoom uas muaj zog nto, uas tuaj yeem tawg cov qe ntshav liab thiab lwm cov cell membranes, ua rau hemolysis lossis cell necrosis. Thaum cov fatty acid raug tshem tawm los ntawm kev ua ntawm phospholipase B, nws hloov mus rau hauv glycerophosphocholine los yog glycerophosphoethanolamine, uas yog, nws poob lub luag hauj lwm ntawm dissolving cell membranes.

Phospholipase C

Muaj nyob rau hauv cell membranes thiab ib co cell, nws tshwj xeeb hydrolyzes lub 3- txoj hauj lwm phosphate daim ntawv cog lus nyob rau hauv glycerophospholipid molecules, uas ua rau tso tawm phosphorylcholine los yog phosphoethanolamine, thiab lwm yam khoom nyob rau hauv cov seem substrate molecules.

Phospholipase D

Nws tsuas yog muaj nyob rau hauv cov nroj tsuag, tab sis kuj nyob rau hauv cov tsiaj lub paj hlwb. Nws catalyzes ester daim ntawv cog lus ntawm phosphoric acid thiab cov pab pawg neeg hloov pauv (xws li choline, thiab lwm yam) hauv phospholipid molecules kom tso tawm cov pab pawg hloov pauv.

Factory & Pab Pawg:

Daim ntawv pov thawj

Ntim & Xa khoom

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